त्रैगुण्यविषया वेदा निस्त्रैगुण्यो भवार्जुन। निर्द्वन्द्वो नित्यसत्त्वस्थो निर्योगक्षेम आत्मवान्
Krishna explains that the Vedas, in their ritualistic portion, primarily address matters related to the three Gunas—Sattva, Rajas, and Tamas. These Gunas represent the fundamental qualities of nature and are associated with worldly desires and enjoyments. The rituals and injunctions in the Vedas are thus mostly concerned with attaining material pleasures and prosperity through actions governed by these Gunas.
For an exam, project, or interview, distinguish your preparation from the final result. Work carefully, seek feedback, and adjust your plan; a result alone is not a measure of your worth.
Go deeper into this verse
In Chapter 2, Verse 45, what does Krishna advise Arjuna to do when he says 'nistrai-gunyo bhava', or 'be beyond the three Gunas'?
Krishna is urging Arjuna to transcend the influence of the three Gunas—qualities that bind people to the cycle of pleasure and pain, success and failure. To be 'nistrai-gunya' means to rise above these natural tendencies and not be attached to the fleeting results or desires generated by them. It is an encouragement to cultivate an inner steadiness and focus on the eternal, rather than being swayed by temporary worldly gains.
How does the phrase 'nirdvandvo nitya-sattva-stho' describe the ideal mental state according to Krishna?
The phrase suggests that one should remain free from the dualities of life, such as pleasure and pain, and be established in lasting goodness or purity. Krishna is describing a state where the mind is balanced, unaffected by external circumstances, and consistently rooted in virtue. This steadiness allows a person to pursue spiritual growth without being disturbed by the ups and downs of worldly life.
Why does Krishna tell Arjuna to be 'unconcerned about the supply of wants and the preservation of what has been already attained' (niyoga-kshema atmavan)?
Krishna is teaching Arjuna to let go of anxiety over acquiring new possessions or maintaining what he already has. This advice points to the importance of self-reliance and inner contentment. By not worrying about material security, one can focus on self-realization and act with greater freedom and peace, trusting that one's true needs will be taken care of through sincere effort and faith.
What practical steps can a person take to become 'atmavan', or self-controlled, as described in this teaching on Prakriti?
To become self-controlled, a person can begin by observing their desires and reactions without immediately acting on them. Practicing moderation in pleasures, regularly reflecting on the impermanence of worldly things, and dedicating actions to a higher purpose help cultivate self-mastery. Meditation, self-inquiry, and focusing on spiritual values rather than external achievements are key ways to develop the strength and clarity Krishna describes as 'atmavan'.
The Vedas deal with the three attributes; be thou above these three attributes, O Arjuna; beyond the pairs of opposites, ever steadfast in purity, careless of possessions, full of the Self.
What do “thy” and “thou” mean?
“Thy” means “your”; “thou” and “thee” mean “you”; “thine” means “yours.” This historical translation is preserved as published.